Biking the C&O and GAP Trail

Some of you have been following along on this journey through social media, but I wanted to put a record of this trip here. I biked the old Chesapeake and Ohio (C&O) Canal and the Great Allegheny Passage (GAP), which follows old railroad lines from the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad, Union Railroad, and Western Maryland Railway. These trails are mostly gravel, although some parts are paved near the cities, and they are relatively flat or have very gradual elevation increases or decreases. Rail trails like this are so much less stressful than the highway rides I’ve done in the past. Some days, the riding was so smooth I had entire phone calls with friends and family while biking. I never really thought I’d get into long-distance bike touring, but it’s really a delightful way to see the world. Fast enough to actually see lots of places, but slow enough to notice what’s happening around you. One of my favorite part of these trails was the incredible amount of wildlife along the trail that I got to see — owls, herons, snakes, deer, turtles, groundhogs, and more.

What a wonderful day of wildlife along the C&O Trail. I saw 2 owls, at least 5 great blue herons, 1 snake, 1 great heron, at least 4 deer, and a couple woodpeckers. 🚲 58 miles

Delicious breakfast followed by lovely forest riding before I stopped in beautiful and historic Harper’s Ferry. Took a hilly, hot detour to the Civil War battlefield of Antietam before heading back for a lovely afternoon along the Potomac. 🚲 51 miles

Slow, steady uphill grind today on muddy, gravel trails. Stopped to see Fort Frederick (built for the French and Indian War), a cement factory, as well as admiring all the tilted rock layers and cool reflections in the water. Lots and lots of deer today and one adorable turtle. 🚲 46 miles

After last night’s rain, it was a muddy mess of a ride this morning, but 2 turtles came out to play and I saw over 10 deer. The walk through the pitch black Paw Paw Tunnel was surreal. Finished up the C&O Trail at the 184.5 mile marker in Cumberland and then started a long grueling climb to Frostburg. Cool sculptures on the way into town but then I found a black widow in my shoe. Life is always exciting on trail. Onwards to the Great Allegheny Passage. 🚲 64 miles

Foggy climb crossing the Mason-Dixon Line up the rest of the hill. Top of the hill is the Eastern Continental Divide and all the water on this side empties into the Gulf of Mexico. It was a long day of tunnels and waterfalls and an afternoon of riding in the rain. Very pretty. Very wet. 🚲 58 miles

Highlight of the day was obviously my trip to Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater but then everything started going downhill. I got a flat on my front tire and fixed it, but then after a nice ride through lots of waterfalls I arrived in town and got a flat on my back tire 2 blocks from a bike shop (that was unfortunately closed). Fixed it and started onwards to my original stop for the night before I got another flat and realized that my tire wall had actually busted. I was out of patches and out of tubes and very unsure about my bike making it another ten miles, so back to Connellsville I went since I knew there was a bike shop here. Found a cute B&B for the night and life is good. You never know what’s going to happen on a bike trip and it’s best to roll with the punches. It’ll be a long day of riding tomorrow after the bike shop opens at 11am, but for now I’m going to enjoy the cozy, lazy morning of sleeping in. 🚲 34 miles 

Spent my morning enjoying this working miniature railroad reproduction of the town inside a local canteen. I got a super late start after I bought my new tire and then still ended up with another flat 20 miles out. Got it fixed up and ready to go with the help of another biker and off I went. Plenty of waterfalls, lots of whimsy, and some cute groundhogs. Finally made it to the end of the GAP Trail in Pittsburgh at 8pm! So grateful to be able to do these intense and beautiful rides. 🚲 61 miles 

West Coast Trail

In August 2023, I hiked the West Coast Trail on Vancouver Island. It’s probably my favorite backpacking trail to date and I would do it again in a heartbeat.

So many folks on the trail were surprised when I told them I was doing the trail solo and how that took a lot of courage. But what I think it really takes is trust – trust in yourself and your abilities (both physical and mental) and also trust in other people you meet on the trail. I gained a whole trail family as well as a bunch of bruises and blisters (yellow jackets are evil and so are my boots) but I couldn’t be happier. Forever grateful for this healing journey and thankful to the Huu-ay-aht, Ditidaht and Pacheedaht First Nations who continue to steward this land. 

Xiao Liuqiu & Kaohshiung

This mini island (off the main Taiwanese island) has a bazillion spellings of its name, but regardless of the name, going there had to be one of my favorite parts of the trip. We were there during Thanksgiving, which was just a regular week day in Taiwan. Our first stop was renting scooters. Chalida was a bit fearful of the scooter, so she ended up on an e-bike and her daughter Rory climbed on board behind me. The first day, we went snorkeling and had a delicious BBQ dinner, with Chalida’s friend Nate joining us. The day of Thanksgiving, I got up early to go scuba diving (more on that below), while the rest of the group slept in. That afternoon, Cassy had a special request that we go to karaoke and after a slow start, everybody got into it.

biker gang, Rory bbqing, Nate & Cassy with amazing karaoke skills

The whole time we were there, we ate so much food, drank so much boba, explored so many beaches, and saw so many green sea turtles.

Nate, Rory, Cassy, me, and Chalida at our last lunch; me & Cassy enjoying a Thanksgiving sunset

Here’s a glimpse of some of the food we ate. Most of this was from Xiao Liuqiu, but some of it was from earlier and later in the trip.

turnip cake; the best green scallion pancakes; similar to the scallion pancakes, but filled with greens instead

sesame noodles, sweet and sour veggie noodles, poop shaped waffles filled with chocolate

I figured that one of the best ways to keep my fears in check is to keep doing something regularly so the fear isn’t allowed to grow. I checked iNaturalist to see what nudibranchs were around and one of my favorite species had previously been spotted near the island. I definitely wanted to try to find it. It is a beautiful sea slug that looks like its entire back is full of butterfly wings (Cyerce nigricans). I signed up for two dives on the island and had my guide to myself on the first dive. I told her I loved nudibranchs and she asked if I knew how small they are and I assured her that I did. All of these were under an inch small, so she did a great job of finding these.

Black and Gold Sapsucking Slug, Pustulose Wart Slug, Black Margined Nudibranch

I’m still in love with giant clams, and there were plenty of those to see. The colors and patterns on the inside of the shell are so beautiful.

Small Giant Clam, Noah’s Giant Clams x2

There were also a range of semi-transculent underwater gems.

Florideophycean Algae, Clark’s Anemonefish, Tunicates

We have purple sea urchins in the United States, but white ones aren’t that common. Also, as mentioned earlier, there are green sea turtles all over this island. It’s practically impossible to get in the water and not see one.

Indo-Pacific Rock Boring Sea Urchin, Porcelain Anemone Crab, Green Sea Turtle

I actually found the eel in the picture below. I got my guide’s attention to show her, but I really didn’t know the hand signal for eels, since I’m so new to diving. I gestured for her to come over and she was excited that I found it. The signal is to stick your fingers and thumb out and then bring them together so it looks like the mouth of an eel eating.

Moorish Idol, me scuba diving, Whitemouth Moray Eel

Since it was getting close to Christmas, I took some time to capture these Christmas tree polychaete worms. If they get spooked, they disappear back into their tubes, so you have to approach slowly and carefully and stay a bit of a distance away. I realize they don’t look much like worms, but the rest of their bodies are hidden inside the tubes.

Christmas Tree Worms: white, red, and blue

While the rest of the group headed back to Taipei, I stopped for a day in the city of Kaohshiung. It’s way more laid back than Taipei and had a lot of nice bike trails. The first night I wasn’t up to doing too much, so I walked along one of the rivers in town to check out the artwork and fancy buildings.

art sculptures near Pier 2, Kaohshiung Music Center lit up in Christmas colors

The next day I got up early and headed out on some bicycle explorations. As I was biking along the river, I stopped to watch a dragon boat race competition. I visited another Hakka Museum that had more information than the one we had visited in Taipei. I also went to the Art Museum and headed over to a flea market full of the most random items: sculptures, rocks, wooden bowls, mannequins, books, antiques, food, cheap souvenirs. It was a total hodgepodge of items, just like flea markets everywhere I suppose.

dragon boat racing, traditional Hakka clothing, goods for sale at the flea market

Cijin Island is a cute micro-island off the big island of Taiwan. After all of my other explorations, I took a ferry across to the island and then rented a city bicycle to ride the beautiful bike path going from one end to the other (about 15 km round trip). There’s a bunch of art sculptures along the way, as well as one super windy spot where people were flying kites. I made sure to stop in at Douliu Ice Town to try one of their peanut ice cream sandwiches before I got back on the ferry. I grabbed my backpack from the hotel and lugged it to the train station and hopped on the high speed train back to Taipei.

kite flying, giant shell art, peanut ice cream sandwich

Jiufen & Keelung

I got to Taipei a few days before the rest of the group, so I planned some mini-adventures to nearby cities that I could get to and back in a day. My first stop was Jiufen, a magical little town set in the mountains. The day I was exploring, it was cloudy and rainy all day, so a stop at teahouse seemed like a good idea. A-Mei’s Tea House is rumored to have inspired the bathhouse in the movie Spirited Away, but that’s apparently not actually true. The idea of this, however, does seem to bring in lots of tourists. Their standard tea includes a set of snacks and a giant bowl of tea leaves. A staff member walked me through how to wash the tea leaves and then prepare it. I’m not sure I got all the steps down correctly, but I did enjoy the respite from the rain.

A-Mei’s Tea House: snacks, tea, cloudy view

Jiufen is a maze of streets going up and down the side of a mountain. The stores are right next to each other and mostly protected from the weather by overhanging awnings. In the morning when I first arrived, not much was going on, but as the day went on, it got busier and busier. By evening, it felt like I was walking through a Moroccan souk: crowded, noisy, and alive.

Every Taiwanese town has its specialities to try and I’m a sucker for new foods I’ve never eaten before. The Jiufen streets are a foodie paradise. A lady was hawking drinks, so I stopped and bought a drink made from apricot kernels, which I didn’t know were even edible. Apparently, the Southern Chinese variety of apricot have less toxins than other varieties, and the drink is made by grinding up the kernels into a fine powder. I also tried the famous Jiufen peanut ice cream roll. It’s basically a very thin crepe, covered with chopped up peanuts, two scoops of peanut ice cream, and a dusting of cilantro. Then it’s rolled up like a burrito and cut in two for the customer. It’s a yummy, savory and sweet dessert all in one.

apricot kernel drink, ridiculously healthy veggie noodle soup for lunch, peanut ice cream roll

Some other food highlights were barbecued mushrooms with a spicy seasoning sprinkled on top and tiny waffle-cake desserts stuffed with different fillings. Jiufen is also famous for its taro balls, topped with a sweet sauce and a variety of beans. I had high hopes for this last one, but it wasn’t my cup of tea.

bbq mushrooms, cake stuffed with taro filling, sweet taro balls mixed with beans

Almost accidentally, I ended up climbing a mountain. I took a bus to the nearby museum about gold mining. As I was wandering around the huge park, I saw a sign pointing up to Teapot Mountain. I’d read about it, and even with the drizzling rain, decided to go for it. I don’t usually hike with umbrellas, but I did on this walk. Taiwanese hikes seems to come in only one variety: straight up with lots and lots of stairs. Fortunately, this one came with nice views. The teapot name seems to come from the shape of the rocks at the top and most of it is roped off for safety reasons. I scrambled around on the new path and made it about halfway up the rocks before I decided they were too slippery to proceed.

lots and lots of stairs, the teapot shape of the rocks, view from the top over the sea

Before it got dark, I did manage to walk through the old tunnels they used for mining gold. I also touched the world’s largest solid gold block, weighing at an impressive 220 kg. Nearby was the Cyuanji Temple with a giant golden sculpture on the roof of General Guan, a Chinese general who lived around 200 CE.

golden mining tunnel, world’s largest gold block, Cyuanji Temple

This is a sleepy waterfront town that doesn’t have much going on except for its vibrantly painted buildings. There’s a variety of fishing boats parked inside the harbor and the fascinating ruins of a former shipyard, where large boats were once built.

colorful waterfront, old abandoned shipyard

piles and piles of nets, metal squid sculpture, view of the harbor

I stopped in Zhengbin on my way to Heping Island. There’s a large ocean filled swimming pool, but the view of the rocks was my main reason for visiting, They are made of red sandstone, but because of the wind, they have been eroded into some really fun shapes, including one that looks like a nudibranch.

view of rocks, nudibranch shaped rocks, more shoreline

As I hopped off the very tiny bus I took from Heping, I heard music and noticed a crowd gathering at the train station. One of my travel rules is to always follow the music, so of course, I went to investigate. After a lot of sleuthing and Google translating, I figured out his name was Qiu Jun (邱軍) and he had won second place on a TV talent show called King of the Voice. After the performance, I headed towards the Keelung Night Market, which is known for its rows of yellow lanterns.

tiny bus to Keelung from Heping, Qiu Jun, second place winner of King of the Voice, view of Keelung Night Market

As with most night markets, there are only a few vegetarian options. I ate passionfruit pao pao bing, which is a shaved ice that tastes like a sorbet. I also found vegetarian spring rolls and scallion pancakes, my go-to when there aren’t too many choices. The Keelung Night Market is several blocks long and in addition to all the food for sale, there are whole sections of carnival games where people can win prizes.

At one point, it was raining pretty hard, so I stopped to watch one game I’d never seen before. After all these years of traveling, I still love the puzzle of trying to understand what is happening, even when I don’t speak the language. Although I’m not entirely sure of all the rules, it seemed like a bunch of mahjong tiles were shuffled around and then the player picked a certain number of them. The player then matched them up on what looked like a bingo board and based on the pattern they made, the player won or lost. I didn’t stick around long enough to see anyone win, but this booth had a steady flow of customers.

passion fruit pao pao bing, spring roll, mahjong-inspired night market game

Taipei

I arrived in Taipei early in the morning and tried to get myself on the right time zone as fast as possible. This meant staying awake all day if I could. My friend Cassy who lives in Taipei and was the impetus for this trip did a great job of feeding me, showing me around her neighborhood, and giving me the lowdown on all the important things I needed to know to navigate public transportation. However, by afternoon, I was ready to crash and knew that I had to keep moving if I was going to stay up. Cassy had work to do, so I headed off for the National Palace Museum. This place was full of beautiful works of art that were moved from Beijing when Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang retreated to the island after being defeated by the communist party. The objects in the collection were a part of the imperial family’s collection and the jadeite cabbage below is one of the museum’s most famous pieces. If you zoom in on the photo, you can see the katydid hidden in the carving.

food inspired artwork: jade bitter melon, jadeite cabbage, Buddha’s hand citron

Giant museums like this are often overwhelming. One approach I have is to just wander into a room, walk around without reading any of the text and pick out a couple objects that catch my eye. Only then do I slow down and read the text on just those few pieces. I’m a person who is very drawn to the written word, so this helps me to focus on wonder and beauty. Below are three of pieces that drew me in. The first was displayed in a room full of beautiful jewels, but it’s emergent complexity from simple iridescent feathers made me stop in my tracks. Perhaps, a bit mundane to some, but I also loved this long scrolling map showing the routes of the old postal system in Taiwan. On special exhibit were a wide variety of inkstones, a common tool where the flat surface was used to grind up ink, mix with liquid, and then it could be used to write. This one looks like the ink started decadently oozing out of control.

feathers on feathers, postal system map of old Taiwan, fancy inkstone

A few days later, our friend Chalida and her daughter Rory arrived to join us on our adventures. These photos are all jumbled in terms of time, but one of our first adventures was to a Hakka Museum in a nearby town. Chalida’s family is part Hakka, a southern Chinese minority group who were pushed off their land over and over again. Because of their persecution, many ended up in Taiwan and other neighboring countries. They make up about 20% of the Taiwanese population and many large cities have Hakka centers and community gathering spaces to preserve Hakka culture.

We also made it to one of the Beitou Hot Springs spas, which had seven or eight pools of different temperatures and different amounts of bubbles. There was even a giant rock slab to lay down on, which pulled the heat off after a long soak. The nearby Beitou Library is one of the most beautiful buildings in all of Taipei. Cassy and Chalida are both school librarians so we had to get a photo to commemorate the pilgrimage.

Hakka Museum Barbies in traditional attire, Cassy & Chalida & the Beitou Library, fancy tea

me, Chalida, Rory, and Cassy after our Hot Spring dip; Chalida & Rory trying to blend into the mural

Visiting Taipei 101 is on the must-do list for most tourists. It measures 508 meters (1,667 feet) off the ground and is the second tallest building in the world (after the Burj Khalifa). The inside had an Instagram feel with lots of cute backdrops for taking photos. I really enjoyed seeing the giant mass damper, which is apparently the only one on display in the world. This giant sphere weighs about 1,500,000 lbs and moves in different directions to offset the swaying of the building, which is especially important given the frequency of earthquakes in Taiwan. There are two other smaller mass dampers (not on display) that also help to keep the building stable.

view of Taipei 101, all of us waiting in line to go up, one of the mass dampers

My other favorite part of the experience was the boba shop at the top. Rory and I, being the boba addicts that we are, had to get one since this is clearly the highest altitude boba we will probably ever enjoy. Cassy, meanwhile, got some fancy Taipei 101 themed waffles for us to enjoy. I’m convinced she makes an amazing model and we definitely should submit this photo for their marketing materials.

Cassy displaying delicious Taipei 101 treats, me & Rory and our highest altitude boba, nearby clothing market

Based on a recommendation of one of Rory’s classmates, we made a pilgrimage to Din Tai Fung, a restaurant known for serving up delicious Taiwanese food. The cucumber salad was gone almost as soon as it was put on the table. I was not very impressed with their vegetarian soup dumplings (not very soupy), but their sesame buns were positively divine.

Rory & Chalida & cucumber salad, xiao long bao (soup dumplings), sesame buns

The golden lava buns below also came from Din Tai Fung, the oozing yellow middles are salted egg yolk. Taiwan is a food eater’s paradise and we ate so much while we were there. One relatively recent Taiwanese invention is delicious mango snow, which is basically hardened mango ice cream cut up in a shaved ice machine. It’s as yummy as it sounds.

fried sweet potato balls from a night market, golden lava buns, mango snow

After some time in a new place, certain motifs and recurring images tend to catch my eye. Here’s some of the images I started to notice after a few days.

manhole covers (Taiwan really does have the best manhole covers)

dragons (on ceramics and temples)

temple decorations

Singapore

I did a very quick stopover in Singapore on my way back home. Sometimes I love just having 48 hours in a place because I can only do a couple things. It places a limit on my explorations and I have to prioritize what I really want to visit. For this trip, it was going to the Gardens by the Bay since it wasn’t even open the last time I was in the country. They have a confusing mess of ticketing options, but I finally settled on seeing the Floral Fantasy garden first.

beautiful orchids, entry to the garden, more orchids

Inside are a range of beautiful sculptures and bouquets crafted from both living and formerly living vegetation.

rooster, troll, dragon

The whole thing is stunning and a bit overwhelming. It’s artistically interesting, visually stimulating, and very, very lush. I walked back and forth along the pathway a few different times, not wanting to miss anything, but sure that I had.

bird, bouquet, pond of raining water

I still had a bit of time before it got dark, so I got tickets for the Cloud Forest, which the ticket seller said would be the best choice since the sun was setting. There were more beautiful orchids and an entire waterfall inside this dome, but I spent much of my time marveling at the hidden sculptures.

spider, glass sculptures, hidden snail

Finally it was time for the main attraction. The Supertree Grove hosts a sound-and-light show every evening. My videos didn’t come out so well, but here’s a few of the different trees with their colorful lights. Perhaps next time, I’ll plan a bit better and get tickets to be up on the canopy walkway during the show.

colorful supertrees!

The real reason I stopped in Singapore was to see these two lovely women. We met in 2009 in Chengdu, China when we stayed at the same hostel and went on a tour together to see pandas. They took me under their wing and made me eat Sichuan hot pot and even helped me buy painted sneakers which were all the rage back then. At the end of that trip, I stayed with Anya in Singapore and they took me all over the island. We’ve stayed in touch over the years and every decade or so, we manage to get together for a meal.

Wai Ling, me, and Anya then (2009) and now (2024)

After lunch, I still had an afternoon to wander and I walked over to the Singapore Art Museum at Tanjong Pagar Distripark. They host mostly contemporary art with a focus on Southeast Asian artists.

me playing with light and shadows

I like to walk through modern art galleries and just enjoy the randomness of the art. I obviously don’t always understand the deeper meaning of some of the pieces, but I think it’s okay to enjoy art just because it is interesting and aesthetically pleasing.

cat sculpture (outside Floral Fantasy), two other exhibits from SAM

Two of my favorite exhibits were at the end. One was in a giant round room where clouds were being constantly formed in the ceiling. All the guests were lying on the carpet staring at the ceiling. The other was in a big room with one very long table covered in white (and only white) legos. There were some grand architectural masterpieces already on display from previous guests.

With my trip almost at an end, I took an Uber to the airport and my lovely driver told me since I was a bit early, I should go hang out at the mall once I checked-in my luggage. I walked over to Jewel Changi and saw the HSBC Rain Vortex, which is apparently the largest indoor waterfall in the world. I love that the airport has a whole mall attached to entertain folks while they’re waiting for their flights.

cloud ceiling, white lego buildings, HSBC Rain Vortex

Scuba Diving in Sangalaki – Part 2

Here’s the second blog post filled with marine creatures from Indonesia. Remember you can click on an any image if you want to see it in more detail. First up are the arthropods – lots of crabs, shrimp, and lobsters.

Anker’s Whip Coral Shrimp, Bubble Coral Shrimp, Lisa’s Mantis Shrimp

Hamodactylus boschmai, Baba’s Crinoid Squat Lobster, Squat Anemone Shrimp

Anemone Porcelain Crab, Banded Coral Shrimp, Soft Coral Crab

And now, a cute collection of clownfish.

Clark’s Anemonefish, Spine-cheek Clownfish, Ocellaris Anemonefish

Followed by some cuttlefish and a turtle. Most cuttlefish I’ve seen in aquariums are quite small, but these are a couple feet in length. They are incredibly still and you could swim right by one and not even notice. In fact, on my first dive I saw one and grabbed my guide’s leg to get his attention. He thought I was in some kind of distress, but quickly calmed down when he saw the cuttlefish I was fangirling over.

Needle Cuttlefish, Unknown Cuttlefish, Hawkbill’s Sea Turtle

There were also rays and eels.

Bluespotted Fantail Ray, Common Moray, Oriental Bluespotted Maskray

And lots and lots of fish.

Twinspot Blenny, Many-host Ghostgoby (with parasites), White-spotted Puffer

The crocodile flathead was a new one for me and I have so many questions about how the flap of skin over its eyes help or harm its vision. The harlequin sweetlips swims like a bat out of hell (see video below). My guide Maja took the photo of it where it looks so calm and I still have no idea how he did it, because it almost never stops moving.

Crocodile Flathead, close-up of its eye, Harlequin Sweetlips

Smallscale Scorpionfish, Starry Puffer, Jointed Razorfish

Moorish Idol, Forceps Butterflyfish, Pacific Trumpetfish

In Jakarta, there were always plenty of vegetarian options, but on Derawan Island, there was a lot less choice in general because the island was so tiny. However, I found a few places that offered up rice and noodle dishes that were meat-free. I ate a lot of tempeh while I was there for protein.

indomie kuah (noodles), nasi goreng (rice), tempeh mendoan (version 1)

fancy dessert, indomie goreng (fried noodles), tempeh mendoan (version 2)

Scuba Diving in Sangalaki – Part 1

After getting my scuba certification while I was still in graduate school, I never went diving again. I did my certification dives in cold Monterey, California and when they had me clear my mask, it freaked me out to have my nose in such freezing water unable to breathe. I kept popping up to the surface because my weights were off and, at the time, I decided it was an expensive sport that I couldn’t really afford anyways.

However, when I was planning this trip, I realized I probably was just hiding behind my fears and I should try and tackle them. I booked a five-night stay on Derawan Island with scuba dives planned for three times a day with a private refresher lesson on the first day. I definitely was nervous and uncomfortable and right before we were supposed to go down, I had a very clear moment of “oh, hell no, I’m not doing this.” However, I was able to take a bunch of deep breaths and calm down and my very patient scuba dive instructor Maja helped me get through my initial moment of panic. Funnily enough, as soon as I was underwater, I was fine. I’ve been snorkeling for years and have all the underwater practices of clearing my mask and breathing through my mouth.

Fear is a lurking ghost that hides inside us, haunting our actions, until one day, we push through it and it’s just gone. As soon as I realized I could do it, and how beautiful it was down below, the fear vanished and instead, I was able to just enjoy all the beautiful scenery and marine life. I still struggled to adjust the air in my BCD and it was hard for me to stay still. But those are skills that come with practice and I was already improving in my few days of diving.

view from my above-water bungalow

The next couple of blog posts are just lots and lots of pictures of cool marine life. Remember you can click on an any image if you want to see it in more detail. This post is mostly sea slugs, which is why I ended up in Indonesia in the first place. The Indo-Pacific Ocean has some of the most colorful and diverse varieties of nudibranchs in the world, and I’m positively obsessed with them. Some of these photos are mine, some of them are from Maja.

First up are some lovely tunicates. These are all invertebrates, but they are in the Phylum Chordata because they all have the beginnings of a rudimentary spinal cord called a notochord. They are the invertebrates that are most closely related to humans and these in particular were very colorful.

Golden Sea Squirt, Green Barrel Sea Squirt, Rhopalaea fusca

Next up are some lovely echinoderms: one sea cucumber and five sea stars. The variation in shape, size, color, and texture in sea stars is incredible.

Lampert’s Sea Cucumber, Spinose Feather Star, Pebbled Sea Star

Granulated Sea Star, Blue Linckia, Genus Nardoa Sea Star

This is what a sea cucumber looks like when it’s feeding. It uses its mouth parts to bring sand and the detritus it eats into its mouth. Eventually most of the sand comes out the other end and scientists think that at least half the world’s sand has traveled through the digestive tracts of sea cucumbers.

I’m a big fan of giant clams. They are huge, always a surprise, super colorful and patterned on the inside flesh.

Boring Giant Clam, Boring Giant Clam, Fluted Giant Clam

Next are a couple of sea slugs that aren’t nudibranchs and a sea hare, which is pretty closely related to the sea slug family.

Blue Velvet Headshield Slug, Lovely Headshield Slug, Aplysia nigrocincta (Sea Hare)

And now, for the stars of the show: the nudibranchs! These are different from other sea slugs because of the two rhinophores they have on their forehead. They use them for sensing the world around them.

Unadorned Gymnodoris, Thorunna furtiva, Hypselodoris skyleri

Elegant Phyllidia, Blue Dragon, Painted Phyllidia

Genus Phyllidiella, Indian Caloria, Anne’s Phyllidiopsis

Streaked Chromodoris, Black-margined Nudibranch, Elegant Phyllidia

And, lastly, a few photos of my scuba guide dude and I underwater.

Maja getting rid of a banana some one had littered in the ocean, me and Maja, me

Jakarta

Generally speaking, travelers aren’t very fond of Jakarta. The airport is a long way from the city and there is one road that goes to the city that gets backed up. Between all the cars and motorcycles and pedestrians, the traffic is overwhelming. Although there is public transportation, it isn’t easy to navigate at first and usually tourists just jump in a taxi, but then they are sitting for an hour in bumper-to-bumper traffic to get to their location. It’s hot and humid year-round. Everyone I told that I was going to Jakarta responded with horror stories.

And yet, I kind of fell in love with Jakarta (a.k.a. the Big Durian) and there was a clear moment for me when it happened. I was walking out of a big mall and there was a bunch of xylophones set up outside. A group of older ladies, carrying mallets and wearing matching blue hijabs, denim shirts, and stylish batik bottoms took the stage. They started playing “Bohemian Rhapsody” by Queen and I just marveled at the whole experience. Muslim women performing music by the very queer Freddie Mercury as a huge crowd sang along. It was so heartwarming to see the interweaving of cultures in a way that brought everybody joy. I just couldn’t stop smiling. Even now, months later, when I watch this clip, it makes me happy.

For fun, here’s a clip of the men of PINKAN Indonesia playing “Have you Ever Seen the Rain?” Watch the constant stream of scooter and car traffic in the background.

Sightseeing

I did a fair share of the normal tourist stuff in Jakarta, starting with the National Monument (also known as Monas) which celebrates Indonesian independence. Its design was inspired by a rice mortar and pestle. If you’ve been reading this blog for a while, garudas are a running theme on this trip. I found garudas on every temple in Bhutan and in church pulpits in India, and they were here on this monument in Indonesia. They feature prominently on the official emblem of Indonesia. However, the politicized version is a bit more like an eagle, than how garudas are traditionally depicted in Buddhism and Hinduism.

National Monument (Monas), golden garuda decoration outside Monas, official emblem of Indonesia

While waiting to go to the top, I visited a museum dedicated to the history of Indonesian independence underneath the monument with giant dioramas of important events in the country’s history. After my number was called, I followed a bunch of school kids in matching blue uniforms on to the elevator and up to the observation deck.

view of Jakarta from the top of the National Monument

I then walked over to the Jakarta Cathedral which has two giant spires adorning either side of the entrance. Interestingly, the Istiqlal Mosque is right across the street. The mosque is named after the Arabic word for freedom. From the outside, the mosque looks like typical 1960’s concrete block office architecture. It barely resembles a mosque, except for the pointy minaret that sticks up on one side. There are seven entrances to the sprawling complex, which allow as many as 200,000 people to worship at once. The main room for prayers was exquisitely decorated and reminded me a lot of the main worship room in the mosque in Kampala, Uganda.

exterior view of Jakarta Cathedral, interior view of Istiqlal Mosque

Museums

My favorite museum was probably the Jakarta Textile Museum. The museum holds rows and rows of beautiful batik fabrics and weavings. At the very back of the museum in a separate building, they offer visitors a chance to make their own batik. Batik is a way of dyeing fabric by first applying wax to areas that will not be dyed. Then the fabric is dipped in color dye and removed, and then its dipped in hot water and the wax is removed. Through multiple steps of waxing and dying, very elaborate patterns can be produced.

Most complicated and large pieces are done with large stamps. However, applying the wax can also be done by hand using a batik pen called a canting. It has a small reservoir on top for holding the wax and then the artist must work quickly to apply the wax at the right angle as it flows from the pen tip.

They gave me several very simple patterns to try, but instead I, of course, picked something much more difficult and decided to draw a blue dragon nudibranch. Applying the wax was challenging since it was hard to hold the pen at the proper angle without spilling it. My original design did not have all those big dots. I added them to cover up a bunch of wax dropping in the wrong place. I think they actually enhanced my final creation. What is it Bob Ross said? “We don’t make mistakes, we have happy accidents.” This process took a long time, because I had to apply wax to both the front and back sides so the dye didn’t go through.

original design, me applying wax, finished wax design

After I was done, one of the artists brushed on a light coat of wax along the edges to give it that textured border. Then he stuck my fabric in the dye, then into the hot water bath, and then on a clothesline to dry. That whole process took no more than ten minutes.

dipping design in blue dye, finished design waiting to dry, sculpture of the tool used to apply wax

The other museum I enjoyed a lot was the Kite Museum. This one is a bit outside of the center, so I hired a driver for a few hours from an app and off we went. I paid for him to visit the museum too since he’d never been there and he’d grown up in Jakarta. Kites are a part of the culture of many Indonesia islands, but especially Bali where there’s a huge festival held every year where people compete for best launch, longest flight, and best design. This museum had quite a collection of rare and special kites and at the end of the tour, they taught me how to make my own.

kite with elaborate characters, dengung kite, tour guide with elaborate life-sized kite

intricate kite with black design, owl kite, the kite I made at the end of my tour

Food

Indonesian food is definitely meat heavy, but Jakarta had a wide selection of vegetarian options. I found a vegan spot pretty close to the mall where the xylophone performance was held that served a meatless marangi satay. These are skewers marinated in sweet soy sauce and other spices before being grilled.

The Istiqlal Mosque had a whole food court in the complex and while waiting for the tour, I ate ketoprak which is basically tofu, veggies, rice cake, and rice vermicelli served in peanut sauce. The lady who made this for me and I communicated entirely through gestures, but we worked it out. It’s amazing what nonverbal communication can accomplish. I also ate some roti bakar at a fancy coffee shop, which is basically just grilled toast with some kind of filling, like coconut jam and butter.

vegan marangi satay, ketoprak, roti bakar

Serabi are pancakes that originally came from Java, the island Jakarta is on. Traditional ones are made from rice flour, coconut milk, and coconut sugar. I bought these from a guy on the street who wrapped them in leaves for easy transport. They were delicious.

serabi pancakes (one each of chocolate, cheese, jackfruit and banana), unrolled pancake, random Coca-Cola flavor K-Wave

Night Hiking in Kalimantan

Kalimantan is the Indonesian side of Borneo where I went to see orangutans. Also, included in my 3 day liveaboard experience were some day and night hikes through the rainforest and a stop in a nearby village. Most members of the communities along the river work in one of two industries: orangutan tourism or palm oil. Although seemingly at odds with each other, people here see the need for both as a means to put food on the table. Palm oil can be grown sustainably on plantations, but many corporations continue to expand their production of palm oil, which frequently mean slash-and-burn of existing rainforests, rich ecosystems which are home to orangutans and other endangered organisms.

vegetarian meal on board with tempeh and scrambled eggs, hornbill details on lamp posts, village built right in the wetlands surrounding the river

In addition to orangutans, our guide pointed out the proboscis monkeys that also live in the area. They were given this name because the males have absolutely enormous noses. Their fleshy noses are used to make loud mating calls to females. We saw a few different troops of these monkeys when we transiting between orangutan feeding stations and our boat captain would always pull over so we could watch the commotion. Normally, there would just be one adult male in a tree full of females.

tree full of females, monkey hanging from branch, adult male proboscis monkey casually hanging out

As part of our day hikes to find the orangutans, our guide would show us various fauna and flora. I really enjoyed the giant pillbugs that rolled up in little balls to protect themselves from predators. Also, the Sunda frogmouth bird has to be one of the funniest looking birds I’ve seen.

Gymnostoma seed with lovely geometrical symmetry, Sunda frogmouth, pitcher plants, Southeast Asian pill millipede

The night hike was surreal on so many levels. Walking through the rainforest at night, there were are many animals resting, but also so many awake and moving. My guide found a bunch of interesting insects, including a few assassin bugs which eat their prey by injecting them with a toxic set of enzymes that liquifies the insides, which the bugs then suck out. We also got to see giant forest ants that have big enough mandibles that they can actually pinch human skin to stay attached. The extremely well camouflaged mantises that look just like dead leaves were also lovely.

assassin bug, giant forest ant, damselfly, Asian dead leaf mantis,

There were also quite a few different spiders. Most of them were variations of huntsman spiders, but I did get to see a giant black tarantula which was way bigger than the size of my hand, probably around 8 inches across. As they get larger, they eat even bigger prey including frogs, fish and lizards.

huntsman spider, Borneo black tarantula, another species of huntsman spider

I even got to hold a giant relative of Daddy Long Legs. One of the most shocking moments was when my guide turned his flashlight towards the tree canopy and right above us was a pit viper hanging out.

Cyclosa spider web, Gagrella harvestmen, North Philippine temple pit viper 

There were also a few birds sleeping in the branches, colorful kingfishers and barbets. Earlier in the day, we also had caught sight of a crested serpent eagle, which get their name from all the snakes they eat.

rufous-backed dwarf kingfisher, crested serpent-eagle, red-crowned barbet

Perhaps my absolute favorite night hike find were these stunning bioluminescent mushrooms. I teach marine biology, so bioluminescence is a common feature in deep water organisms that I discuss with students every year. However, it is found much less frequently in terrestrial creatures, with the notable exception of fireflies. There are not that many species of fungi that bioluminesce, so I was super excited to see these.

Southern Cross just above the trees, glow in the dark bonnet mushrooms from top, and side